Back & Neck Pain · Finding the Real Cause · Glastonbury, CT

Back & Neck Pain: Finding the Pain Generator Others Miss

Most spine evaluations stop at the MRI. This one doesn't. Dr. Tortland's approach is built around identifying the actual pain generator — not just the disc findings on your report and, for the neck, testing for instability that static imaging cannot show.

Performed by Dr. Tortland personallyPain-generator diagnosis, not disc-first assumptionCervical instability testing when indicated

Quick answer

An MRI showing a bulging or herniated disc does not automatically mean the disc is what's causing your pain. A landmark study found that over half of people with zero back pain have a disc bulge on MRI, and 27% have a disc protrusion — meaning these findings are often coincidental. Dr. Tortland's evaluation looks past the disc to paraspinal muscle, facet joints, and other extradiscal structures that are frequently the actual pain generator. For chronic neck pain, especially after an injury, when standard imaging is negative he may recommend digital motion X-ray (DMX) to evaluate for ligamentous cervical instability — a diagnosis static MRI and CT often miss entirely.

Most common conditions

Facet arthropathy, paraspinal pain, cervical instability

Diagnosis method

Live ultrasound, exam, and DMX when indicated

Non-surgical options

Ultrasound-guided PRP, BMA, prolotherapy

Return to activity

Usually within days; depends on treatment

First results

Weeks 4 to 16, depending on treatment

Who treats you

Dr. Tortland personally, every visit

When surgery is right

Stenosis, instability, or radiculopathy needing decompression

Insurance

Not covered; but HSA / FSA applicable

Definition

What is actually causing your pain?

The spine gets treated like a disc-only problem far too often. It usually isn't.

For the back: an MRI report that says "bulging disc" or "herniated disc" gets handed to patients constantly as if it explains the pain — and often it doesn't. A landmark study of 98 people with zero back pain found 52% had a disc bulge and 27% had a disc protrusion on MRI anyway. Facet arthropathy, paraspinal muscle dysfunction, and other extradiscal structures are frequently the real pain generator, and they get overlooked when a clinician goes straight from "disc finding" to "disc is the problem." Dr. Tortland's evaluation examines the paraspinal muscles, facet joints, and surrounding soft tissue on live ultrasound before assuming the disc is guilty.

For the neck: when chronic neck pain follows an injury and standard MRI or CT comes back negative, that doesn't mean nothing is wrong — it may mean the wrong test was ordered. Static imaging cannot show ligamentous instability, because the ligaments that hold the cervical vertebrae in proper alignment often only fail to do their job when the neck is actually moving. Digital motion X-ray (DMX) captures the cervical spine in real time through flexion, extension, and lateral bending, and can identify instability that a motionless MRI or CT will miss entirely — a diagnosis many other doctors don't test for and therefore don't find.

  • Pain generator identified before assuming the disc is the cause
  • Digital motion X-ray considered for chronic neck pain with negative standard imaging
  • Every injection placed under live ultrasound, never blind
  • Performed by Dr. Tortland personally, in office, same day

Indications

What does PRP conditions are treated here?

The back and neck conditions seen most often in this practice, treated without surgery whenever the evidence and the diagnostic workup support it.

Facet joint arthritisDegenerative disc diseaseParaspinal muscle dysfunctionCervical instabilityWhiplash-associated disorderChronic low back painChronic neck pain, undiagnosedSacroiliac joint painMyofascial back painPost-motor-vehicle-accident neck painCervicogenic headacheFacet-mediated painBone marrow lesion, spineCoccyx and lower back painPost-fusion adjacent-segment painChronic pain misdiagnosed as purely discogenic

Step by step

How the PRP spine evaluation and treatment works - the Dr. Tortland Method:

The Dr. Tortland difference: identify the real pain generator, test for instability when the story calls for it, treat what's actually wrong.

01

Diagnostic ultrasound first

The exam and history focus on locating the actual pain generator — facet joints, paraspinal muscle, sacroiliac joint, or disc — rather than assuming the disc finding on your imaging report explains your pain.

02

Imaging review, and DMX when indicated

Existing MRI, CT, and X-ray are reviewed against the exam findings. For chronic neck pain after an injury with negative standard imaging, digital motion X-ray may be ordered to evaluate for ligamentous cervical instability that static imaging cannot detect.

03

Treatment selection

Based on the diagnosis, treatment targets the actual pain generator — facet joint, paraspinal structure, or, for select cases, the lumbar spine's deeper anatomy — rather than a generic "back pain" protocol.

04

Preparation, when an injection is indicated

When PRP, BMA, or prolotherapy is the right next step, it's prepared in an on-site laboratory the same visit and customized to the patient's age, injury, and baseline platelet or cell count never a preset commercial kit. Dr. Tortland's process derivessignificantly higher concentration than most standard commercial kits produce.

05

MSK Ultrasound-guided injection

The injection is placed under live ultrasound guidance — for the spine, an experienced practitioner can reach the transverse process, facet capsule, medial branch nerve, and paraspinal muscle through a single skin entry point.

06

Recovery instructions

You leave with a written loading schedule specific to your spine and the treatment given. Expect two to five days of soreness after an injection — that response is part of the treatment working. No anti-inflammatories for two weeks.

07

Follow-up and re-evaluate

Follow-up at six to ten weeks to compare your symptoms against baseline and decide on next steps, with repeat imaging when appropriate.

Candidacy

Who this helps — and who it does not.

Good candidate
  • Chronic low back pain that hasn't responded to physical therapy or conventional injections
  • Facet-mediated pain confirmed on exam and imaging, not assumed from a disc report
  • Chronic neck pain after injury with negative standard imaging, warranting DMX evaluation
  • Patients who want to avoid or delay joint replacement
  • Patients who cannot take repeated cortisone
  • Athletes needing tissue quality restored, not just pain masked
Not a candidate
  • Significant spinal stenosis, instability, or disc herniation causing radiculopathy
  • Undiagnosed back or neck pain without a clear structural source of pain identified
  • Active infection, local or systemic
  • Active blood cancers or platelet disorders
  • Patients unwilling to follow the post-injection loading plan
  • Cases where ultrasound shows a different, non-treatable cause

Comparison

Non-surgical spine care compared with the alternatives.

Option
What it does
Duration of benefit
Effect on tissue
OptionCortisone injection
What it doesSuppresses inflammation and pain
Duration of benefitWeeks to a few months
Effect on tissueCan weaken tendon and cartilage with repetition
OptionHyaluronic acid
What it doesAdds lubrication to the joint
Duration of benefitMonths, variable
Effect on tissueNo repair effect on cartilage
OptionPRP
What it doesDelivers growth factors that stimulate repair
Duration of benefitCommonly 12 months or more per course
Effect on tissueAims to improve tissue quality
OptionCellular orthobiologics
What it doesDelivers cells plus signaling proteins
Duration of benefitOften longer in advanced joints
Effect on tissueStronger biologic signal for degenerated joints
OptionSurgery
What it doesRemoves or replaces structure
Duration of benefitLong-term, definitive for the right case
Effect on tissueStructural change with recovery cost

Frequently asked

Back & neck treatment questions.

Does PRP actually work?

No, not automatically. A landmark 1994 study in the New England Journal of Medicine imaged 98 people with zero back pain and found 52% had a disc bulge and 27% had a disc protrusion anyway — meaning these findings can be entirely coincidental. Facet arthropathy, paraspinal muscle dysfunction, and other extradiscal structures are frequently the real source of pain, and an evaluation that goes straight from "disc finding on MRI" to "disc is the problem" can miss the actual cause.

Is all PRP the same?

It's a real, specific test: digital motion X-ray (DMX) captures the cervical spine on video while you move through flexion, extension, and lateral bending, revealing ligamentous instability that a motionless MRI or CT cannot show. It's considered when chronic neck pain follows an injury and standard imaging has come back negative — a scenario where the diagnosis is often missed simply because the right test was never ordered.

How painful is a PRP injection?

The skin and deeper tissue are numbed with local anesthetic first, and most patients report pressure rather than sharp pain. Soreness afterward typically peaks at two to four days and settles within a week.

How long does PRP take to work?

Most spine cases show meaningful change between weeks four and eight, with continued improvement for up to a year as tissue remodels. Timeline depends heavily on which structure was the actual pain generator.

How many PRP injections will I need?

Facet-mediated and paraspinal pain is often treated with a series of two to three injections, then reassessed. Some patients respond to a single well-placed treatment.

Is PRP covered by insurance?

PRP and cellular treatments for the spine are not currently covered by most U.S. insurers and are paid out of pocket. Every new patient starts with a comprehensive initial evaluation ($500), which includes a full history, exam, and live musculoskeletal diagnostic ultrasound imaging in the same visit — concierge-level, unhurried care, with the appointment scheduled for over an hour. DMX, when ordered, is billed separately.

Can I take ibuprofen after PRP?

No. NSAIDs blunt the platelet signaling the treatment depends on. Stop them roughly seven days before a spine injection and avoid them for two weeks afterward unless instructed otherwise. Acetaminophen is fine.

Is PRP the same as stem cell therapy?

No. PRP contains platelets and growth factors but very few cells. BMA (bone marrow aspirate) delivers actual cells in addition to signaling proteins, and is considered for more advanced spine cases when platelets alone aren't a strong enough signal.

Who performs the injection?

Dr. Tortland performs every back and neck evaluation and injection himself under live ultrasound guidance. He has used musculoskeletal ultrasound clinically since 2008 and was the first physician in the world certified in regenerative medicine.

Sources

References & further reading.

01

Mulvaney SW, Tortland PD, Shiple B, Curtis K. Regenerative medicine options for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: a review of the literature. Endurance and Sports Medicine. 2018.

02

Dai WL, et al. Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid in knee osteoarthritis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

03

Filardo G, et al. Platelet-rich plasma intra-articular injections for cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis: evidence and indications.

05

Bennell KL, et al. Effect of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma on knee pain and cartilage volume: randomized clinical trial.

This page is written for patient education and does not constitute medical advice or establish a physician-patient relationship. Treatment decisions require an in-person examination. Orthobiologic procedures are not FDA-approved drug therapies; they are performed as autologous same-day procedures under the practice of medicine. Dr. Tortland reports no financial interest in the products or devices described on this page.

Find out what's actually generating your back or neck pain.

Candidacy is determined on exam and imaging, not over the phone. Bring your MRI and get an honest answer in one visit.